Chemistry

Removal of the surplus of fluorine from water, to reach a concentration that does not expose anyone to dental or bone health risks.

Action to remove iron or its derivatives from a liquid.

Action to remove pollution from groundwater. Water decontamination can use different approaches (physical, chemical or biological), in situ (directly underground) or ex situ (water pumping, treatment and reinjection).

Removal of some calcium and magnesium from water to achieve a compromise between the proper mineral balance of water and the optimum level of hardness.

All exchanges and transformations of sulphur in the different components of the environment.

All exchanges and transformations of phosphorus in the different components of the environment. Unlike many other biogeochemical cycles, the phosphorus cycle has no impact on the atmosphere.

Substance, or property of a substance, that destroys bacteria. Some disinfectants and antibiotics are bactericidal.

Qualifies water which can dissolve scale and limestone. Corrosive water contributes to the corrosion of metallic pipes and equipment. It can cause the dissolution of metals (nickel, iron, copper, lead, cadmium...) and in this case induce health risks.

Bringing water and air in close contact to remove all dissolved gases (especially those responsible for bad odours) from water and introducing oxygen to oxidise certain compounds such as iron and manganese to prevent corrosion).