Financing


Environmental Economics

Updated on 04/07/2018
Définition
Sens technique
Branch of the economics that deals, from a theoretical viewpoint, with the relationship between human societies and the environment, particularly in the context of environmental economic policies.
Source
According to Patrice Dumas (economist)

Elasticity of demand with respect to price

Updated on 13/07/2018
Définition
Sens technique
Percentage of variation in water consumption if we increase by 1% the price per m3. Generally, the elasticity of domestic water consumption is very low, because most uses (drinking water, hygiene, etc) are poorly compressible. In contrast, external consumption (watering, car washing, etc) is much more elastic (sharp drop in case of price increase) because it meets non-essential needs.
Source
According to the Ministry for the Environment and IOWater

Transaction cost

Updated on 19/06/2018
Définition
Sens technique
Cost of an economic exchange, specifically a market transaction. It can be direct (exchange commission) or indirect (cost of exploration, time passed and efforts made to negotiate and check the transaction, etc).
Source
According to Ronald Coase (economist)

Fixed capital consumption

Updated on 19/06/2018
Définition
Sens technique
Depreciation of fixed assets incurred during the given period as a result of normal wear and tear and foreseeable disuse. Note: obsolescence is the loss in value caused by a reduction in the level of desirability and usefulness of goods due to their outmode design and construction.
Source
According to Treasury Board of Canada

Consent to receive

Updated on 19/06/2018
Définition
Sens technique
Amount that the surveyed people are willing to accept to leave their environment deteriorating.
Source
According to Patrice Dumas (economist)

Willingness to pay

Updated on 13/07/2018
Définition
Sens technique
Amount that the surveyed people are willing to pay to avoid the degradation of an environmental good or for its improvement. Willingness to pay (WTP) is an expression in Euros of the difference in wellbeing (or satisfaction) associated with the deterioration / improvement of the environment.
Source
According to Patrice Dumas (economist)

Payment card

Updated on 19/06/2018
Définition
Sens commun
A card proposed to surveyed people (in contingent valuation) giving several contribution amounts and on which they simply tick off the desired amount.
Source
According to Nathan

Resource cost

Updated on 19/06/2018
Définition
Sens technique
Value of lost opportunities due to the choice of the resource allocation to an activity rather than to another when the resource is scarce. This is the difference in benefits between the alternative that generates the greatest benefits and the alternative chosen.
Source
According to François Etner (economist)

Environmental cost

Updated on 13/07/2018
Définition
Sens technique
Cost of damage to the environment and ecosystems and also indirectly to those who use them: degradation of the quality of water and soil, treatment costs for additional purification of drinking water imposed on communities, etc. Under the Water Framework Directive 2000/60/EC, we are interested in damage caused by water uses (withdrawals, discharges, developments, etc).
Source
According to the Ministry of Ecology

Disproportionate cost

Updated on 13/07/2018
Définition
Sens technique
Refers to costs that justify derogation from the obligations imposed by the Water Framework Directive 2000/60/EC. The disproportionate costs are legitimized by the impact of the cost of work on water prices and economic activity, as compared to the economic value of environmental benefits and other expected advantages. The disproportion is considered on a case by case basis using criteria such as: the financial resources available in the
Source
According to the Ministry for the Environment