Hydromorphology


River bank protection

Updated on 26/10/2022
Définition
Sens commun

Action to reduce any type of erosion of the river banks. Depending on the objective and hydraulic forces acting on the bank, various methods can be used, from plant engineering to heavier constructions (masonry/concrete/rock revetment, gabions, piling, etc).

Source
According to the Ministry for the Environment and OFB

Migratory fish

Updated on 26/10/2022
Définition
Sens commun
Fish that move periodically between their spawning and feeding grounds (home to the juveniles and adults). Some species live alternately in freshwater and seawater (diadromous fish), they are called "highly migratory species".
Source
According to the Ministry for the Environment and OFB

Fishway

Updated on 26/10/2022
Définition
Sens technique
Device located on a natural or artificial barrier (dam) that allows migratory fish to pass these barriers to access their spawning or feeding grounds. We distinguish devices for upstream spawning runs from those for downstream migration. Other crossing equipments are sometimes assimilated to fishways, e.g.
Source
According to the Ministry for the Environment and OFB

Floodplain

Updated on 26/10/2022
Définition
Sens commun

Maximum bed occupied by a stream in which water flows only temporarily when the minor bed overflows during very high-flow periods (especially in the largest historical flood). Its outer limits are determined by the largest historical flood. The floodplain of the river allows the storage of overflowing waters. There is also a mosaic of habitats for many species. These habitats are also called "water dependent habitats"

Source
According to the Ministry for the Environment and OFB

Braided river bed

Updated on 26/10/2022
Définition
Sens technique
Shifting space of the minor bed of a watercourse with several arms constantly changing.
Source
According to the Ministry for the Environment and OFB

Hydro-morphology

Updated on 26/10/2022
Définition
Sens commun
Study of the morphology and dynamics of rivers, including the evolution of longitudinal and cross profiles, and of the planimetric layout: capture, meanders, anastomosis, etc.
Source
According to the Ministry for the Environment and OFB

River hydrodynamics

Updated on 26/10/2022
Définition
Sens technique
Science that studies the physical behaviour of a fluid consisting of water and the materials it contains. This is an application of hydrodynamics to streams; it is a branch of fluid mechanics. It helps to understand the stream evolutionary process: action of the fluid on bed materials, flow characteristics, dissipation of the stream energy when transporting these materials.
Source
According to the Ministry for the Environment and OFB

Gabion

Updated on 26/10/2022
Définition
Sens commun

Wire mesh cage to be filled with stones and pebbles for the protection of engineering structures or river banks.

Source
According to the Ministry for the Environment and OFB

Spur

Updated on 26/10/2022
Définition
Sens technique
Structure built in a stream at a certain angle to shape the bed.
Source
According to the Ministry for the Environment and OFB

Cross dyke

Updated on 26/10/2022
Définition
Sens technique
Wall of stones and pebbles crossing a stream or bordering a beach to stop the fish at ebb tide, longitudinal dike or biases in the bed of the Loire to regulate and channel a watercourse.
Source
According to the Ministry for the Environment and OFB