Agriculture


Land application of sewage sludge

Updated on 06/09/2018
Définition
Sens technique
Action of spreading organic matter-laden wastewater over a surface, to treat it by percolation into the soil while feeding soils poor in organic matter.
Source
according to IFREMER

Nitrogen cycle

Updated on 25/02/2019
Définition
Sens commun

All of the processes and conversions of nitrogen, into different forms, in the atmosphere, the lithosphere, the hydrosphere and the biosphere (nitrous oxide, nitrate, nitrite, ammonia, organic nitrogen).

Source
according to the Ministry of Environment

Water balance

Updated on 06/09/2018
Définition
Sens technique
Ratio between inflows to (e.g. precipitation, runoff, capillary rise) and outflows (e.g. transpiration or evaporation) from a given system over a given time interval, which gives the variation in water storage. The water balance allows knowing the soil water storage capacity, potentially usable for different purposes (agriculture or other).
Source
according to INRA and Aquitaine Chamber of Agriculture

Agronomy

Updated on 11/03/2019
Définition
Sens commun

Sciences and techniques that aim at understanding the relationships between crops, environments and agricultural techniques, and at improving agriculture.

Source
according to the French Association of Agronomy

Integrated farming/agriculture

Updated on 06/09/2018
Définition
Sens technique
Agricultural practice that applies to the production that takes into account environmental protection, health and animal welfare. In France, the concept is regulated by public authorities (ministries in charge of agriculture and ecology) and the promotion is made by the FARRE network (forum of integrated farming respectful of the environment). Certification is awarded to farmers who respect the principles of sustainable agriculture.
Source
according to the Ministry of Agriculture

Water abstraction

Updated on 26/10/2022
Définition
Sens commun

Extraction of fresh water from a groundwater source or surface, permanently or temporarily, and conveyed to the place of use. Water abstractions include all activities related levies generated by agriculture, industry (including energy), the supply of drinking water, or other (mineral spring authorized, production artificial snow).

Source
according to OFB, IOWater, SOeS and OCDE

Irrigation water

Updated on 19/06/2018
Définition
Sens commun
Water that is applied on the soil in order to increase its water content and provide for normal plant growth.
Source
According to Eurostat

Plant protection product

Updated on 29/03/2022
Définition
Sens technique

Plant protection products. There may be some confusion with pesticides, which are phytosanitary products, but only intended to fight against organisms considered harmful. Phytosanitary products are used in large quantities in various ranges of application: firstly agriculture, but also roads (maintenance of roads and railways) and various private uses (gardening, treatment of facilities, etc). In fact phytosanitary products style the same products as pesticides, but they are then used for agriculture and crop protection. The phytosanitary products include many classes of products such as insecticides (which kill insects), fungicides (which eliminate fungi), herbicides (weeding), nematicides (which kill nematodes and earthworms), rodenticides (used to get rid of various rodents such as rats, mice, field mice, garden dormice, etc).

Source
According to Ifremer

Drinking water abstraction

Updated on 04/07/2018
Définition
Sens commun

Device used for withdrawing water (spring, groundwater, river) for a given use.

Source
According to Ifremer

Buffer zone

Updated on 04/07/2018
Définition
Sens commun
Strip of land between cultivated areas and a natural habitat, arranged to limit the effects of agriculture on this habitat (e.g. an area developed on the banks of a river to protect the riverine habitat and limit inputs of soil, nutrients and pesticides into the waterways).
Source
According to Poitou-Charentes Regional Council