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  2. Drinking water and sanitation

Drinking water and sanitation

Recycled water

Updated on 27/02/2019
Définition
Sens technique

Water that has been subjected to wastewater treatment and delivered to a user as recovered wastewater. This is the direct supply of treated effluents to the user. Wastewater discharged into a watercourse and used downstream is not taken into consideration, nor is recycling within industrial sites.

Source
d'après Eurostat

Desalination water

Updated on 04/07/2018
Définition
Sens commun
Total volume of water produced by desalination.
Source
According to Eurostat

Population equivalent (pop.eq)

Updated on 13/07/2018
Définition
Sens technique

Assessment unit of organic pollution found in water representing the quality of organic matter discharged per day per capita. This measurement unit can easily compare the flow of pollutants. Among the parameters * characterizing pollution, the pollution treated in wastewater treatment plants is quantified by the population equivalent. The population equivalent is defined by Article R2224-6 of the General Code of Local Authorities, as the organic biodegradable load having a five-day biochemical oxygen demand * (BOD5) of 60 g of oxygen per day.

Source
According to the Ministry for the Environment

Purification

Updated on 13/07/2018
Définition
Sens commun
Action to clean (safe water) by removing impurities. Process to reduce or eliminate pollutants in water. A wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) is a facility in which wastewater is treated. The treatment can also be natural although slower (self-purification).
Source
According to Ifremer and the Ministry for the Environment

Effluent

Updated on 19/06/2018
Définition
Sens commun
Wastewater or liquid waste discharged into the environment from a source of pollution whatsoever (industry, agriculture, shipping, operating or not, etc).
Source
According to Ifremer

Fresh water

Updated on 13/07/2018
Définition
Sens commun
Water whose low salt content makes it suitable for abstraction for various uses, especially for irrigation and human consumption. The limits of salt content between fresh, brackish and salt water are not rigorously set and may vary according to legislations. However, marine waters have a salt content generally ranging from 10 to 38 g/l depending on inflows of freshwater from rivers, but sometimes have much higher contents, such as the Dead Sea (up to 260 g/l).
Source
According to UNESCO

Freshening

Updated on 13/07/2018
Définition
Sens technique
Reduction of the salinity of sea water resulting either from a mixture of sea water with inland water or from rain.
Source
According to Ifremer

Disinfection

Updated on 13/07/2018
Définition
Sens commun
Destruction by chemical or physical processes of infectious germs which are outside the body, on the body surface. By extension, we speak of disinfection of water during the production of drinking water, i.e. the physico-chemical elimination of germs found in wastewater or
Source
According to Ifremer

Drinking water abstraction

Updated on 04/07/2018
Définition
Sens commun

Device used for withdrawing water (spring, groundwater, river) for a given use.

Source
According to Ifremer