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Self-maintaining service

Updated on 13/07/2018
Définition
Sens technique
Service necessary for producing all the other services (regulation, supply, cultural services), their disturbance only affecting man indirectly or in the long term.
Source
According to Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MEA)

Benefit-transfer method

Updated on 19/06/2018
Définition
Sens technique
Method using the results of existing similar studies to estimate the value of an environmental good.
Source
According to the Ministry for the Environment

Water Board

Updated on 25/02/2019
Définition
Sens commun

A Local public institution located overseas, similar to the water agencies in continental France, which is responsible for facilitating the various activities of common interest in the management of water and aquatic environments to help achieving the objectives of the river basin management plans (SDAGEs). There is currently a water board in the Reunion, Martinique, Guadeloupe and Guyana. Since Mayotte became a Department, there are thoughts of creating a water board.

Source
According to the Ministry for the Environment

Infrastructure-asset management of public water and sanitation services

Updated on 26/10/2022
Définition
Sens technique

The ability of a manager of a public water supply and sanitation service to know his technical assets (drinking water production plants, reservoirs, network systems, connections, etc), to plan the best investments, to provide the financial resources needed for the rehabilitation and replacement of structures and respond efficiently to his heritage, is at the core of the analysis of the economic sustainability of water services. Patrimonial management (property management, asset management) is a process whereby a public water utility can direct, control and optimize the supply, maintenance and decommissioning of assets related to infrastructure, including costs for specified performance during their life cycle.

Source
According to OFB, AgroParisTech and ASTEE

Public water supply and sanitation services

Updated on 26/10/2022
Définition
Sens technique

Municipal public utility in charge of conveying drinking water to the consumer's tap and collecting and treating wastewater and stormwater before returning them to the natural environment. The 30,000 French public water supply and sanitation services are also in charge of the relations with the consumer: information, demand management, billing, etc. The "drinking water supply" service includes the abstraction of water from the natural environment, its potabilization and supply. The "sanitation" service includes the collection, conveyance and treatment of wastewater and the disposal or reuse of sludge…

Source
According to the Ministries of the Environment and Health and OFB

Drinking water supply system

Updated on 26/10/2022
Définition
Sens commun
Part of the overall water supply system including pipes, tanks, pumping stations and other equipment through which water is supplied to users. This part begins at the exit of drinking water production plants and ends at the point of water delivery to the user. It does not include private pipes and accessories of buildings that bring water to the consumption points.
Source
According to the Ministries of the Environment and Health and OFB

Water abstraction

Updated on 26/10/2022
Définition
Sens commun

Extraction of fresh water from a groundwater source or surface, permanently or temporarily, and conveyed to the place of use. Water abstractions include all activities related levies generated by agriculture, industry (including energy), the supply of drinking water, or other (mineral spring authorized, production artificial snow).

Source
according to OFB, IOWater, SOeS and OCDE

Integrated farming/agriculture

Updated on 06/09/2018
Définition
Sens technique
Agricultural practice that applies to the production that takes into account environmental protection, health and animal welfare. In France, the concept is regulated by public authorities (ministries in charge of agriculture and ecology) and the promotion is made by the FARRE network (forum of integrated farming respectful of the environment). Certification is awarded to farmers who respect the principles of sustainable agriculture.
Source
according to the Ministry of Agriculture

Water column

Updated on 26/10/2022
Définition
Sens commun
Volume of water between the bottom and the surface of a sea, ocean, river or lake.
Source
according to OFB
Sens technique
Concept used in ecology for aquatic and marine environments to describe the physical (temperature, salinity, penetration of light) and chemical characteristics (pH, dissolved oxygen content, nutrients, trace metals...) of seawater, at different depths, for a given geographical point. The water column extends from the water surface to the bottom of rivers,
Source
according to IFREMER

Groundwater depletion

Updated on 06/09/2018
Définition
Sens technique
Permanent or temporary drop in the piezometric level of groundwater, due to a natural or artificial change in its recharge or abstraction.
Source
according to the Adour-Garonne Water Agency and BRGM

Water stakeholder

Updated on 26/10/2022
Définition
Sens commun
Private or public person or entity, either general or specialised practitioner, able to practice on variable scales (a community, a department, at national or European level, etc.), acting in one of the water-related fields (risks, pollution control, sanitation, etc.).
Source
according to OFB

Landscape adaptation

Updated on 06/09/2018
Définition
Sens commun
Modification of the landscape (relief, vegetation, etc.) of a geographical area to meet certain objectives, such as adaptation to climate change or integration of a building into the landscape.
Source
according to Réseau Ferrés de France (French railway network)

Water conveyance system

Updated on 06/09/2018
Définition
Sens commun
Set of techniques to bring water from its spring to consumption sites.
Source
according to Wikipedia

Water softening

Updated on 04/12/2018
Définition
Sens commun
It is a technique to remove minerals that cause water hardness, especially calcium and magnesium.
Source
according to IOWater
Sens technique
A technique consisting in exchanging the calcium and magnesium ions, which are not very soluble and which react with the carbonates of water to form limestone, with the sodium ions which are perfectly soluble in water. This operation is named "ion exchange".
Source
According to UAE

Water aeration

Updated on 06/09/2018
Définition
Sens commun
Bringing water and air in close contact to remove all dissolved gases (especially those responsible for bad odours) from water and introducing oxygen to oxidise certain compounds such as iron and manganese to prevent corrosion).
Source
according to WHO

Water corrosivity

Updated on 06/09/2018
Définition
Sens commun
Qualifies water which can dissolve scale and limestone. Corrosive water contributes to the corrosion of metallic pipes and equipment. It can cause the dissolution of metals (nickel, iron, copper, lead, cadmium...) and in this case induce health risks.
Source
according to the Alsace Regional Health Agency (ARS)

Agronomy

Updated on 11/03/2019
Définition
Sens commun

Sciences and techniques that aim at understanding the relationships between crops, environments and agricultural techniques, and at improving agriculture.

Source
according to the French Association of Agronomy

Abstraction supply zones

Updated on 25/02/2019
Définition
Sens technique

Area on which the water that soaks into the ground supplies the abstraction for drinking water.

Source
According to the Ministry for the Environment and the Ministry for the Agriculture

Alevin

Updated on 13/07/2018
Définition
Sens commun

Young fish living on its yolk reserves or having not yet acquired its adult form.

Source
according to Larousse dictionary

Hatching/Hatchery

Updated on 06/09/2018
Définition
Sens commun
Repopulation of fresh water by introducing fry, practiced by people for fishing or fish farming.
Source
according to the Larousse dictionary

Algaculture

Updated on 06/09/2018
Définition
Sens commun
Culture of algae (micro or macroalgae) potentially for the production of food (for human beings or animals), food supplements, fertilisers or other products.
Source
according to the mixed syndicate for the development of aquaculture and fishing in the Loire Region

Algae

Updated on 06/09/2018
Définition
Sens commun
Unicellular or pluricellular photosynthetic organism usually living in an aquatic environment.
Source
according to Wikipedia

Artificial groundwater recharge

Updated on 06/09/2018
Définition
Sens commun
Man action of replenishing an aquifer. The artificial recharge of an aquifer can be used to regulate water resources by storing water, to treat wastewater or to recover aquifer drawdown (in volume or pressure) caused by pumping, but also to limit or prevent salt water intrusions into coastal aquifers to ensure the sustainability of their quality. It is carried out by infiltration from surface structures (basins, ditches) or by injection wells and boreholes.
Source
according to BRGM

Ammonification

Updated on 06/09/2018
Définition
Sens technique
Production of ammonia from organic nitrogen by bacteria or decomposer fungi.
Source
according to Wikipedia

Amphibian

Updated on 04/07/2018
Définition
Sens commun

Vertebrate animal that has the characteristic of starting its life in the water. At birth, an amphibian breathes through its gills, like a fish. As an adult he now has lungs through which he can breathe freely, but he continues to absorb most of the oxygen he needs through the skin.

Source
according to Aquitaine Wildlife Observatory (AWO)