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Decrease or disappearance of land due to soil erosion by wind or water.

Plain formed by the deposition of sediments from upstream erosion.

Threat of a dangerous event caused by a natural phenomenon, called hazard, having damaging, unforeseen or badly prevented effects on developments, structures and people, the stakes being more or less serious, even catastrophic, according to their vulnerability. A natural risk is the confrontation between a hazard of natural origin and human, economic or environmental stakes.

Area exposed or that could be exposed to hazards or potentially dangerous events (flood, pollution, natural disaster, industrial accident) and where human, economic or environmental issues are involved.

Nature, occurrence, intensity and duration of a threatening phenomenon.

Fragility and susceptibility when facing a given hazard or a given pressure.

Plan for delimiting, at municipal or inter-municipal level, areas exposed to predictable natural hazards such as earthquakes, floods, avalanches or ground movements. The Risk Exposure Plan (REP) sets out the appropriate measures to prevent

Usually refers to caution in action. More specifically it is a constitutional principle, included in the Environmental Charter (Article 5): "When the occurrence of any damage, although uncertain in current scientific knowledge, may be so serious and irreversible for the environment, public authorities shall, by application of the precautionary principle and in their areas of responsibilities, develop procedures for risk assessment and take provisional and proportionate measures to preclude the occurrence of the damage".

Dramatic result of erosion (destruction of farmlands, flooding of roads, etc). The main consequences of a mudslide are the degradation of the agricultural potential of the soil and of the quality of rivers caused by increase in turbidity, transfer of

Measuring the effects of a hazard in an area. Risk significance therefore depends on the hazard but also on exposed challenges (populations, property and the environment) and on their vulnerability. There is no risk when the area exposed to a hazard is devoid of human, material and environmental challenges.

Violent swell of the sea caused by sudden underwater tectonic disturbances: earthquake, underwater collapse, etc. The waves thus generated propagate at high speed (several hundred km/h) with wavelengths of several kilometres and can have amplitudes of several tens of metres, causing major damage to the coastline they strike.

Designates a generalized depression in the bottom of a stream, resulting from regressive erosion or progressive erosion.