Tangential filtration on synthetic membranes (mineral or organic) leading to partial removal of the largest dissolved elements.
Applications: reduction of hardness (calcium and magnesium), nitrates, sulphates, and refining of water (reduction of NOM)
Tool for organizing, streamlining and sharing data between the various data producers on the entire French territory. The National framework for water data (SNDE) has governance mechanisms and devices for the production, storage, processing, use and dissemination of data and is based on common methodologies, a repository of shared data and a system for quality management. Regulations related…
Network of organizations contributing to the Water Information System (WIS) in charge of building a common language for water data and homogenize the data exchanged between the various actors. The National Service for Water Data and Common Reference Frames Management (Sandre) has a central technical secretariat and data administrators in organizations contributing to the water information system. Its role and organization are defined in the decree of 26 July 2010 approving the national plan for water data (SNDE).
Advisory organization which reports to the Minister for the Environment, the National Water Committee's mission is to give its opinion on the geographical districts of basins or group of basins, on all development and water distribution projects having a national scope as well as major regional developments; on draft decrees on the protection of
Species found inside its natural range, past or present, and its dispersal potential.
A network of European outstanding environments which are proposed by each Member State of the European Union and which correspond to Special Areas of Conservation (SACs) under the European Directive of 21 May 1992 (known as "Flora Fauna Habitats" Directive) and Special Protection Areas (SPAs) under the European Directive of 2 April 1979 (known as "Birds Directive"). These areas are identified in…
Lake (body of water, pond, etc.) whose waters enriched with organic matter (containing nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium for example) are places of an algal and bacterial proliferation.
Are mainly derived from the decomposition of plants, animals and micro-organisms. Their composition is therefore very diverse. They have a great impact on water quality parameters: colour, odour, disinfection by-products, taste, etc.
Are the cause of the degradation of water quality, thus :
An introduced species that meets ecological conditions favourable to its sustainable establishment over time that can establish populations in an autonomous manner and integrated into the ecosystem.
Les Solutions fondées sur la Nature (SfN) sont les actions qui s’appuient sur les écosystèmes afin de relever les défis globaux comme la lutte contre les changements climatiques, la gestion des risques naturels (inondations, sécheresse, submersion marine), la santé, l’accès à l’eau, la sécurité alimentaire…
Les SfN visent à protéger, restaurer et gérer de manière durable les écosystèmes : la préservation des forêts, les rivières en bon état, la restauration et le fonctionnement des zones humides, tout concourt à agir au plus près du terrain (actions locales pour un objectif global). Il est impératif que la société adopte une combinaison de solutions inspirées par la nature, dérivées de la nature et fondées sur la nature : Il s'agit bien d'intérêt mutuel. La nature y gagne, et les territoires qui prennent ainsi soin des cycles naturels, du bon état des milieux ont aussi tout à y gagner.
En effet, des écosystèmes sains, résilients, fonctionnels et diversifiés fournissent de nombreux services écosystémiques et permettent donc le développement de solutions au bénéfice de nos sociétés et de la biodiversité, dans le cadre des changements globaux.
Specific cultivation, planted during the period between crops rotation, when bare ground is usually exposed. These selected crops are fast growing species (white mustard, radish, canola, phacelia, vetch, trefoil, etc.) allowing to fix the excess nitrogen that is still on the ground, in order to prevent it to migrate to the groundwater or to the streams, washed away by rain. These crops also have the benefit of reducing the soil erosion and enhancing biodiversity.
Directive No. 91/676/EEC of 12 December 1991 concerning the protection of waters against pollution caused by nitrates from agricultural sources, called "Nitrates Directive". It aims to reduce water pollution caused or induced by nitrates from agricultural sources and prevent further pollution of this kind. It includes: the designation of nitrate vulnerable zones; the establishment of one or more codes of good agricultural practice (CGAP) (use of nitrogen fertilizers and land management) implemented on a voluntary basis by farmers; the development of mandatory's actions programs (yearly schedules limiting or…
Calculation allowing to highlight areas threatened by nitrogen pollution. The nitrogen balance aims to estimate the excess part on an area, evaluating the difference between the nitrogen inputs (mineral fertilization, animal waste, urban and industry inflows, atmospheric inputs) and the exports (consumption of plants, losses in gaseous form).
All of the processes and conversions of nitrogen, into different forms, in the atmosphere, the lithosphere, the hydrosphere and the biosphere (nitrous oxide, nitrate, nitrite, ammonia, organic nitrogen).
Excessive amount of Nitrogen brought to the crop, which is not used by the plant and stays on the ground after the harvest. The Nitrogen surplus can be calculated thanks to the nitrogen balance, which varies depending on the cultivation type and the agricultural practice.
Key point for water management usually defined downstream of reference hydrographic units for sub-basin management plans (SAGEs) and/or within those units whose boundaries can be determined by the river
Set of codified and listed terms. Some attributes of data dictionaries developed by the National Service for Water Data and Reference-dataset Management (Sandre) must take for possible values the codes defined in a nomenclature (list of possible values constituting a reference dataset). Each code is especially associated with a name and definition. A nomenclature is materialized by a file in XML format.